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Isolation of Paenibacillus tumbae sp nov., from the tomb of the emperor Yang of the Sui dynasty, and emended description of the genus Paenibacillus

Abstract: A novel strain, designated strain CSA42(T), was isolated from the tomb of emperor Yang of Sui in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China. Strain CSA42(T) was observed to be Gram-stain positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, spore-forming and motile. The optimum conditions for growth were found to be 30 A degrees C, pH 8.0 and without NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, revealed strain CSA42(T) to be closely related to Paenibacillus larvae DSM 7030(T) (94.7%), Paenibacillus doosanensis CAU 1055(T) (94.4%) and Paenibacillus gansuensis B518(T) (94.2%). The major cellular fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C-15:0, anteiso-C-17:0 and iso-C-16:0. MK-8 was found to be the only respiratory quinone. The polar lipids were found to be comprised of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two aminophospholipids. The cell wall peptidoglycan was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid and ribose as the only whole cell sugar. The genomic G+C content of strain CSA42(T) was determined to be 47.6 mol%. The low DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain CSA42(T) and the reference strain P. larvae KACC 11540(T) and many phenotypic properties support the classification of strain CSA42(T) (=KACC 18941(T) =CCTCC AB 2016201(T)) as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus tumbae sp. nov. is proposed. An emended description of the genus Paenibacillus based on the new data is also given.