Hemophagocytic syndrome caused by primary herpes simplex virus 1 infection: report of a first case

作者：Cusini A^*; Guenthard H F; Stussi G; Schwarz U; Fehr T; Grueter E; Meerbach A; Bossart W; Schaer D J; Rudiger A

来源：Infection, 2010, 38(5): 423-426.

DOI：10.1007/s15010-010-0037-9

• Hemophagocytic syndrome
• Primary herpes simplex infection
• Immunosuppression
• Wegener's granulomatosis

Hemophagocytic syndrome represents a severe hyperinflammatory condition by activated macrophages. Leading viral triggering agents are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and adenovirus.
We present a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis on azathioprine and prednisone medication, who developed a life-threatening hemophagocytic syndrome. Positive plasma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with negative serology revealed a primary, disseminated infection with herpes simplex virus-1 as the triggering pathogen. After treatment with acyclovir, high-dose steroids, immunoglobulins, and etoposide, the patient recovered.
Early diagnosis of potentially underlying infections of hemophagocytic syndrome influences the therapeutic approach. It is important to consider a variety of infectious agents, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. The reported case emphasizes the importance of screening for herpes simplex virus 1.

• 出版日期2010-10
• 单位河北医科大学