Development and validation of a septoplasty training model using 3-dimensional printing technology

作者：AlReefi Mahmoud A^*; Nguyen Lily H P; Mongeau Luc G; ul Haq Bassam; Boyanapalli Siddharth; Hafeez Nauman; Cegarra Escolano Francois; Tewfik Marc A

来源：International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 2017, 7(4): 399-404.

DOI：10.1002/alr.21887

• 3D printing
• education
• endoscopic
• model
• nasal septal deviation
• rhinology
• septoplasty
• simulation
• training
• validation

Background: Providing alternative training modalities may improve trainees' ability to perform septoplasty. Threedimensional printing has been shown to be a powerful tool in surgical training. The objectives of this study were to explain the development of our 3-dimensional (3D) printed septoplasty training model, to assess its face and content validity, and to present evidence supporting its ability to distinguish between levels of surgical proficiency.
Methods: Imaging data of a patient with a nasal septal deviation was selected for printing. Printing materials reproducing the mechanical properties of human tissues were selected based on literature review and prototype testing. Eight expert rhinologists, 6 senior residents, and 6 junior residents performed endoscopic septoplasties on the model and completed a postsimulation survey. Performance metrics in quality (final product analysis), efficiency (time), and safety (eg, perforation length, nares damage) were recorded and analyzed in a study-blind manner.
Results: The model was judged to be anatomically correct and the steps performed realistic, with scores of 4.05 +/- 0.82 and 4.2 +/- 1, respectively, on a 5-point Likert scale. Ninety-two percent of residents desired the simulator to be integrated into their teaching curriculum. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the expert, intermediate, and novice groups in time taken and nares cuts, whereas other performance metrics showed no significant difference.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, there are no other simulator training models for septoplasty. Our model incorporates 2 different materials mixed into the 3 relevant consistencies necessary to simulate septoplasty. Our findings provide evidence supporting the validity of the model.

• 出版日期2017-4