Size- and Shape-Dependent Activity of Metal Nanoparticles as Hydrogen-Evolution Catalysts: Mechanistic Insights into Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

作者：Kotani Hiroaki; Hanazaki Ryo; Ohkubo Kei; Yamada Yusuke; Fukuzumi Shunichi^*

来源：Chemistry - A European Journal, 2011, 17(9): 2777-2785.

DOI：10.1002/chem.201002399

• electron transfer
• hydrogen
• isotope effects
• metal nanoparticles
• photocatalysts

The catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) with different sizes and shapes was investigated in a photocatalytic hydrogen-evolution system composed of the 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr(+)-Mes: photocatalyst) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH: electron donor), based on rates of hydrogen evolution and electron transfer from one-electron-reduced species of Acr(+)-Mes (Acr(center dot)-Mes) to PtNPs. Cubic PtNPs with a diameter of (6.3 +/- 0.6) nm exhibited the maximum catalytic activity. The observed hydrogen-evolution rate was virtually the same as the rate of electron transfer from Acr(center dot)-Mes to PtNPs. The rate constant of electron transfer (k(et)) increased linearly with increasing proton concentration. When H+ was replaced by D+, the inverse kinetic isotope effect was observed for the electron-transfer rate constant (k(et)(H)/k(et)(D) = 0.47). The linear dependence of k(et) on proton concentration together with the observed inverse kinetic isotope effect suggests that proton-coupled electron transfer from Acr(center dot)-Mes to PtNPs to form the Pt-H bond is the rate-determining step for catalytic hydrogen evolution. When FeNPs were used instead of PtNPs, hydrogen evolution was also observed, although the hydrogen-evolution efficiency was significantly lower than that of PtNPs because of the much slower electron transfer from Acr(center dot)-Mes to FeNPs.

• 出版日期2011-2