科研之友
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摘要
Schizophrenia is a neurobiological disease with disturbed neuronal networks. The pathophysiology of the disease reveals disturbances of the macroconnectivity between affected regions as well as altered microconnectivity and synaptic function. In several brain regions, unchanged numbers of neurons, but decreased numbers of oligodendrocytes, which play an important role in myelination and propagation of nerve impulses, and decreased expression of myelin-related genes have been detected. Additionally, synaptic genes and proteins have been shown to be dysregulated, implicating disturbed synaptic plasticity. Moreover, proliferation of neuronal stern cells (neurogenesis) has been reported to be decreased in the dentate gyrus of schizophrenia patients. Some atypical antipsychotics are known to influence neurogenesis and expression of synaptic genes, which all play a role in cognition. In a recent study, physical exercise improved hippocampus volumes and neuronal function in schizophrenia patients. Further investigations of new therapies on neuronal plasticity are warranted to improve causative therapeutic strategies in schizophrenia.
- 出版日期2010
