科研之友
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摘要
The California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) population is the basis for a valuable commercial and recreational fishery off southern California, yet little is known about its population dynamics. Studies based on CalCOFI sampling in the 1950s indicated that the abundance of phyllosoma larvae may be sensitive to oceanographic conditions such as El Nino events. To further study the potential influence of environmental variability and the fishery on lobster productivity, we developed a 60-year time series of the abundance of lobster phyllosoma from the historical CalCOFI sample collection. Phyllosoma were removed from the midsummer cruises when the early-stage larvae are most abundant in the plankton nearshore. We found that the abundance of the early-stage phyllosoma displayed considerable inter-annual variability but was significantly positively correlated with El Nino events, mean sea-surface temperature, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which are significantly intercorrelated. Conditions during the warm years (1950s and 1980 present) were the most productive for lobster phyllosoma in the Southern California Bight. Total lobster fishery landings show an increasing trend since 1980 due to increasing commercial landings from 1980-2000 and increased recreational landings since 2005. However, this trend is not observed in the phyllosoma time series or in the Baja California fishery whose landings are correlated with the U.S. fishery. We suggest that the stage 1 phyllosoma may provide a useful fishery-independent index of spiny lobster spawning stock biomass and stock productivity Due to the relationship identified here between environmental conditions and phyllosoma abundance, we suggest that this information could be used as an environmental indicator for management.
- 出版日期2012-12
