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摘要
Soil salinization with excessive soil nitrate, has become the main limiting factor and major challenge for plastic greenhouse cultivation. This paper studied the effects of drip irrigation on saline soil remediation and crop growth. Six lower limit of irrigation treatments were tested: (1) T1 : 50% of field capacity (FC, seedling stage, S1) similar to 60% of FC (flowering and fruit setting stage, S2) similar to 55% of FC (fruiting stage, S3), surface drip irrigation with subsurface drainage; (2) T2: 50% of FC (S1) similar to 70% of FC (S2) similar to 65% of FC (S3), surface drip irrigation with subsurface drainage; (3) T3: 50% of FC (S1) similar to 80% of FC (S2) similar to 75% of FC (S3), surface drip irrigation with subsurface drainage; (4) T4: 50% of FC (S1) similar to 70% of FC (S2) similar to 65% of FC (S3), flood irrigation with subsurface drainage; (5) CK1: 50% of FC (S1) similar to 70% of FC (S2) similar to 65% of FC (S3), surface drip irrigation without subsurface drainage; (6) CK2: 50% of FC (S1) similar to 70% of FC (S2) similar to 65% of FC (S3), flood irrigation without subsurface drainage. Under the same irrigation lower limit, the soil moisture content with drip irrigation was higher than the flood irrigation. In the drip irrigation with buried subsurface pipe, irrigation water and soil moisture content increased with the increase of the lower limit of irrigation. Irrigation in the lower limit of drip irrigation treatment reduced irrigation water and increase water use efficiency. The soil salt content decreased with the increase of the lower limit of irrigation. The soil salinity of the root area can be effectively regulated by drip irrigation. Use subsurface drainage, in 0-20 cm soil layer, with the increase of drip irrigation lower limit, soil salinity showed the tendency of decrease, and soil salt of drip irrigation treatment was significantly lower than the flood irrigation in the same irrigation lower limit; in 20-40 cm soil layer, the soil salinity content of T4 was significantly higher than T1, T2 and T3. The soil nitrate nitrogen content in the subsurface pipe region was reduced with the increasing irrigation lower limit. In 0-20 cm soil layer, the soil nitrate nitrogen content of drip irrigation treatments was significantly lower than the non-subsurface pipe region with the same lower limit of irrigation; but in 20-40 cm soil layer, there was no significant difference in the soil nitrate between T2 (subsurface pipe region) and T4 (non-subsurface region). After transplanting 16 days, the daily water consumption of tomato are increased with the increase of irrigation lower limit, and daily water consumption intensity decreases with the increase of irrigation water. For the drip irrigation treatment in subsurface pipe region, increasing the lower limit of irrigation can increased crop yield, but decreased irrigation water use efficiency. Under the same irrigation lower limits, drip irrigation reduced irrigation water amount, increased crop yield and irrigation water use efficiency. Total irrigation water amount of T1, T2, T3, T4, CK1 and CK2 were 2143, 2726, 3209, 4182, 2852 and 3988 m(3) hm(-2), while production were respectively 83075, 94200, 94603, 87125, 89773 and 72860 kg hm(-2), respectively. The irrigation amount of T2 was 34% lower than T4, and the irrigation water use efficiency of T2 was significantly higher than T4. Results showed that the suitable irrigation lower limit was 50% of FC (seedling stage) similar to 70% of FC (flowering and fruit setting stage) similar to 65% of FC (fruiting stage).
- 出版日期2018
- 单位河海大学
