科研之友
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摘要
Shikimic acid is the critical precursor to manufacture the antiviral drug Oseltamivir phosphate, also known as Tamiflu. Current sources of shikimic acid feedstock have been strained during pandemic influenza outbreaks. This article proposes an alternative process to produce shikimic acid feedstock through the bioenhancement of graminoid crops using glyphosate. To demonstrate, a Gulf cultivar of Italian annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was grown in controlled greenhouse conditions and Yamhill winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in a field trial. Plants were treated with a range of glyphosate doses and harvested between 48 and 298 h following application. Samples were dried, extracted, and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Shikimic acid levels increased up to four-fold in glyphosate-treated Gulf annual ryegrass, a plant with high native shikimic acid. Concentrations of shikimic acid in Yamhill winter wheat, a plant low in native shikimic acid, increased from below method detection limits (<19 mg kg(-1)) in the control groups to >2000 mg kg(-1) in treatment groups harvested after 169 h post application. Estimated biomass accumulation of shikimic acid were projected using concentrations observed in these trials for annual ryegrass, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and winter wheat based on published biomass yields resulted in 21.1 to 299 kg of potential shikimic acid production per hectare, which meet or exceed current feedstocks. This study provides evidence that glyphosate can be used to bioenhance graminoid forage crops to produce elevated shikimic acid levels throughout the entire plant biomass, resulting in a substantially greater yield of shikimic acid than current botanical sources on a per-hectare basis.
- 出版日期2017-4
