Data hiding based on overlapped pixels using hamming code

作者：Kim Cheonshik^*; Yang Ching Nung

来源：Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2016, 75(23): 15651-15663.

DOI：10.1007/s11042-014-2355-x

• Data Hiding
• Steganography
• Matrix Encoding
• Hamming codes

Most data hiding schemes change the least significant bits to conceal messages in the cover images. Matrix encoding scheme is a well known scheme in this field. The matrix encoding proposed by Crandall can be used in steganographic data hiding methods. Hamming codes are kinds of cover codes. "Hamming + 1" proposed by Zhang et al. is an improved version of matrix encoding steganography. The embedding efficiency of "Hamming + 1" is very high for data hiding, but the embedding rate is low. Our proposed "Hamming + 3" scheme has a slightly reduced embedding efficiency, but improve the embedding rate and image quality. "Hamming + 3" is applied to overlapped blocks, which are composed of 2 (k) +3 pixels, where k=3. We therefore propose verifying the embedding rate during the embedding and extracting phases. Experimental results show that the reconstructed secret messages are the same as the original secret message, and the proposed scheme exhibits a good embedding rate compared to those of previous schemes.

• 出版日期2016-12
• 单位东华大学