Item-Specific Encoding Produces an Additional Benefit of Directed Forgetting: Evidence From Intrusion Errors

作者：Sahakyan Lili^*; Delaney Peter F

来源：Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 2010, 36(5): 1346-1354.

DOI：10.1037/a0020121

• directed forgetting
• context change
• cross-list intrusions
• item-specific encoding

List-method directed forgetting involves encoding 2 lists, between which half of the participants are told to forget List I. When participants are free to study however they want, directed forgetting impairs List 1 recall and enhances List 2 recall in the forget group compared with a control remember group. In a large-scale experiment, the current work demonstrated that when item-specific encoding instructions were enforced during learning, directed forgetting impaired List I recall, but it did not enhance List 2 recall. This pattern was found regardless of whether encoding was incidental or intentional. Whenever directed forgetting did not enhance List 2 recall, it nevertheless reduced cross-list intrusions. These results indicate that directed forgetting can help differentiate memories from one another, thereby reducing intrusions from irrelevant competing memories.

• 出版日期2010-9