科研之友
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摘要
The energy crisis, which is facing the whole world, is also a serious threat to Poland, which, like other European Union countries, is forced to seek new sources of energy, which will be environmentally friendly and costs of obtaining energy from them are lower than current. Production of renewable energy obtained from biomass is considered to be one of those.
Paper presents possibilities of biogas production from maize and from municipal sewage sludge. This technology has been implemented in Germany under the name MT-ENERGIE (R). The result of the process is biogas with high methane content and a valuable organic fertilizer. Paper also contains an analysis of kinetic of biodegradation processes of organic substances contained in the feedstock and presents technological parameters determining the process of transformation of substrates. This technology carries elements of innovation and can be implemented without major objections in the area of Pomerania in Poland, where production of energy plants takes place and there is unlimited access to municipal sewage sludge.
Production of electricity and heat from biogas in Poland represents a negligible share of global energy balance. In Poland, according to data from the Ministry of Economy, on 31 December 2007 there were only 87 biogas installations with a total installed capacity of 45 MWe. Biogas plants total production was 162 GWh of electricity. This result cannot be considered satisfactory. The demand for this type of energy is much greater, imposed by EU law.
The energy generated by such type of installations will undoubtedly meet the criteria for renewable energy, will contribute to the fulfilment by Poland commitments made by EU Member States regarding compulsory 20% share of such type of energy in the overall balance of energy demand from RES in the final energy balance and reduce CO(2) emissions. In addition, the use of sewage sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants as a raw material and energetic plants (maize) will significantly contribute to the substantial elimination of discharges of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Baltic Sea.
- 出版日期2010
