科研之友
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摘要
We have measured grain size distributions of the results of laboratory decompression explosions of volcanic rock. The resulting distributions can be approximately represented by gamma distributions of weight per cent as a function of phi = -log(2) d, where d is the grain size in millimetres measured by sieving, with a superimposed long tail associated with the production of fines. We provide a description of the observations based on sequential fragmentation theory, which we develop for the particular case of 'self-similar' fragmentation kernels, and we show that the corresponding evolution equation for the distribution can be explicitly solved, yielding the long-time lognormal distribution associated with Kolmogorov's fragmentation theory. Particular features of the experimental data, notably time evolution, advection, truncation and fines production, are described and predicted within the constraints of a generalized, 'reductive' fragmentation model, and it is shown that the gamma distribution of coarse particles is a natural consequence of an assumed uniform fragmentation kernel. We further show that an explicit model for fines production during fracturing can lead to a second gamma distribution, and that the sum of the two provides a good fit to the observed data.
- 出版日期2016-6-1
