ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008 The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM)

Dickstein Kenneth<sup>*</sup>; Cohen Solal Alain; Filippatos Gerasimos; McMurray John J V; Ponikowski Piotr; Poole Wilson Philip Alexander; Stromberg Anna; van Veldhuisen Dirk J; Atar Dan; Hoes Amo W; Keren Andre; Mebazaa Alexandre; Nieminen Markku; Priori Silvia Gluliana; Swedberg Karl

doi:10.1016/j.ejheart.2008.08.005

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ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008 The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM)

作者：Dickstein Kenneth^*; Cohen Solal Alain; Filippatos Gerasimos; McMurray John J V; Ponikowski Piotr; Poole Wilson Philip Alexander; Stromberg Anna; van Veldhuisen Dirk J; Atar Dan; Hoes Amo W; Keren Andre; Mebazaa Alexandre; Nieminen Markku; Priori Silvia Gluliana; Swedberg Karl

来源：European Journal of Heart Failure, 2008, 10(10): 933-989.

DOI：10.1016/j.ejheart.2008.08.005