DEET potentiates the development and persistence of anticholinesterase dependent chronic pain signs in a rat model of Gulf War Illness pain

作者：Flunker L K; Nutter T J; Johnson R D; Cooper B Y^*

来源：Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2017, 316: 48-62.

DOI：10.1016/j.taap.2016.12.014

• Gulf War Illness
• Chronic Pain
• DEET
• chlorpyrifos
• pyridostigmine
• K(v)7

Exposure to DEEP (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) may have influenced the pattern of symptoms observed in soldiers with GWI (Gulf War Illness; Haley and Kurt, 1997). We examined how the addition of DEET (400 mg/kg; 50% topical) to an exposure protocol of permethrin (2.6 mg/kg; topical), chlorpyrifos (CP; 120 mg/kg), and pyridostigmine bromide (PB;13 mg/kg) altered the emergence and pattern of pain signs in an animal model of GWI pain (Nutter et al., 2015). Rats underwent behavioral testing before, during and after a 4 week exposure: 1) hindlimb pressure withdrawal threshold; 2) ambulation (movement distance and rate); and 3) resting duration. Additional studies were conducted to assess the influence of acute DEET (10-100 mu M) on muscle and vascular nociceptor K(v)7, K-DR, Na(v)1.8 and Na(v)1.9. We report that a 50% concentration of DEET enhanced the development and persistence of pain-signs. Rats exposed to all 4 compounds exhibited ambulation deficits that appeared 5-12 weeks post-exposure and persisted through weeks 21-24. Rats exposed to only three agents (CP or PB excluded), did not fully develop ambulation deficits. When PB was excluded, rats also developed rest duration pain signs, in addition to ambulation deficits. There was no evidence that physiological doses of DEET acutely modified nociceptor Kv7, KDR, Nav1.8 or Nav1.9 activities. Nevertheless, DEET augmented protocols decreased the conductance of Kv7 expressed in vascular nociceptors harvested from chronically exposed rats. We concluded that DEET enhanced the development and persistence of pain behaviors, but the anticholinesterases CP and PB played a determinant role.

• 出版日期2017-2-1