Diagnosis of nasal neoplasms

作者：Aupperle Heike^*; Marquart Frederik; Ellenberger Christin; Krastel Dorothee

来源：Praktische Tierarzt, 2011, 92(2): 102-+.

• nose
• neoplasm
• rhinitis
• biopsy
• dog
• cat

Neoplasms of the nasal cavity are rare in all species. They are almost always malignant and local invasion leads to destruction of the tissue. Metastases occur late in lymphnodes, lungs and liver. Clinical symptoms are unilateral nasal discharge, sneezing, epistaxis, stridor nasalis. Destruction of the nasal septum results in deformation of the skull, exophthalmus and epiphora. Diagnostics of nasal tumours include clinical investigations such as X-rays, CT and MRT as well as cytological and histological examination of smears or biopsies. In this study, nasal biopsies of 264 dogs and 126 cats were investigated. Inflammatory lesions were seen more often (dogs 66%, cats 62%) than neoplasms (dogs 34%, cats 38%). In dogs, adenocarcinoma (48%), squamous cell carcinoma (17%), transitional cell carcinoma (2%), esthesioblastoma (2%), lymphoma (6%), sarcoma (17%) and others (8%) were diagnosed. In cats, adenocarcinoma (30%), squamous cell carcinoma (14%), lymphoma (26%), sarcoma (20%) and others (10%) were found. In two thirds of the samples rhinitis was diagnosed exclusively. In cats, purulent rhinitis was the most common (64%). Bacteria were found in many cases but fungi were not detected. In dogs purulent rhinitis was less common (40%). In 11% of these cases fungi were identified as the cause for inflammation. Furthermore, lympho-plasmacytic rhinitis (dogs 20%, cats 8%) and mixed cellular rhinitis (dogs 40%, cats 28%) were found. Eosinophilic granulocytes were very common in dogs (90%) but less common in cats (23%). In addition to clinical examination techniques, histological investigation of representative biopsies is important for differentiation of neoplastic and inflammatory nasal diseases. Histological characterization is useful for prognosis and therapy.

• 出版日期2011-2-1