摘要

Transcatheter closure is the mainstay of treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the pediatric patient but it is technically challenging and does not always succeed, especially in a younger age child with a large PDA. We present a technique of using a transesophageal echocardiogram-guided minimally invasive perventricular closure for the pediatric patient with a large PDA who failed transcatheter closure.

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