Nonlinear Magnetic Equivalent Circuit-Based Real-Time Sen Transformer Electromagnetic Transient Model on FPGA for HIL Emulation

作者：Liu Jiadai^*; Dinavahi Venkata

来源：IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 31(6): 2483-2493.

DOI：10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2518676

• Electromagnetic transient (EMT) analysis
• field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
• finite-element methods
• hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) emulation
• hysteresis
• magnetic equivalent circuits
• parallel algorithms
• parallel processing
• power-flow control
• pipelining
• real-time systems
• Sen transformer (ST)

Strategic power-flow control using a Sen transformer ( ST) can be a robust and cost-effective solution to relieve grid congestion due to increased installation of renewables. The ST consists of a multiwinding transformer and tap changer that can regulate the power flow through a transmission line by injecting a series-connected controllable voltage. This paper develops a realtime high-fidelity magnetic equivalent circuit-based electromagnetic transient model for the ST on the field-programmable gate array ( FPGA) for hardware-in-the-loop applications. This geometry-based model was developed to depict the major flux paths in the transformer core, and complex nonlinear phenomena, such as saturation, hysteresis, and eddy currents. The entire real-time ST model and other power system components are emulated by hardware description language, employing the 32-b floating point precision on the FPGA chip. A fully paralleled and pipelined hardware architecture is developed to achieve accurate real-time emulation as well as the lowest latency and smallest hardware resource consumption. The real-time results are validated against 3-D finite-element simulation using JMAG software.

• 出版日期2016-12