A Low-Cost Method of Ciliary Beat Frequency Measurement Using iPhone and MATLAB: Rabbit Study

作者：Chen Jason J; Lemieux Bryan T; Wong Brian J F^*

来源：Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2016, 155(2): 252-256.

DOI：10.1177/0194599816640219

• ciliary beat frequency
• CBF
• MATLAB
• high-speed video analysis
• HSVA
• Sisson-Ammons video analysis
• SAVA
• iPhone
• phone camera

Objectives (1) To determine ciliary beat frequency (CBF) using a consumer-grade cellphone camera and MATLAB and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method.
Study Design Prospective animal study.
Setting Academic otolaryngology department research laboratory.
Methods Five ex vivo tracheal samples were extracted from 3 freshly euthanized (<3 hours postmortem) New Zealand white rabbits and incubated for 30 minutes in buffer at 23 degrees C, buffer at 37 degrees C, or 10% formalin at 23 degrees C. Samples were sectioned transversely and observed under a phase-contrast microscope. Cilia movement was recorded through the eyepiece using an iPhone 6 at 240 frames per second (fps). Through MATLAB programming, the video of the 23 degrees C sample was downsampled to 120, 60, and 30 fps, and Fourier analysis was performed on videos of all frame rates and conditions to determine CBF. CBF of the 23 degrees C sample was also calculated manually frame by frame for verification.
Results Recorded at 240 fps, the CBF at 23 degrees C was 5.03 0.4 Hz, and the CBF at 37 degrees C was 9.08 +/- 0.49 Hz (P < .001). The sample with 10% formalin did not display any data beyond DC noise. Compared with 240 fps, the means of other frame rates/methods (120, 60, 30 fps; manual counting) at 23 degrees C all showed no statistical difference (P > .05).
Conclusion There is no significant difference between CBF measured via visual inspection and that analyzed by the developed program. Furthermore, all tested acquisition rates are shown to be effective, providing a fast and inexpensive alternative to current CBF measurement protocols.

• 出版日期2016-8