A Short Introduction to Cytogenetic Studies in Mammals with Reference to the Present Volume

作者：Graphodatsky A; Ferguson Smith M A; Stanyon R^*

来源：Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 2012, 137(2-4): 83-96.

DOI：10.1159/000341502

• Chromosome painting
• Eutherian ancestral karyotype
• Genome evolution
• Phylogenomics

Genome diversity has long been studied from the comparative cytogenetic perspective. Early workers documented differences between species in diploid chromosome number and fundamental number. Banding methods allowed more detailed descriptions of between-species rearrangements and classes of differentially staining chromosome material. The infusion of molecular methods into cytogenetics provided a third revolution, which is still not exhausted. Chromosome painting has provided a global view of the translocation history of mammalian genome evolution, well summarized in the contributions to this special volume. More recently, FISH of cloned DNA has provided details on defining breakpoint and intrachromosomal marker order, which have helped to document inversions and centromere repositioning. The most recent trend in comparative molecular cytogenetics is to integrate sequencing information in order to formulate and test reconstructions of ancestral genomes and phylogenomic hypotheses derived from comparative cytogenetics. The integration of comparative cytogenetics and sequencing promises to provide an understanding of what drives chromosome rearrangements and genome evolution in general. We believe that the contributions in this volume, in no small way, point the way to the next phase in cytogenetic studies.

• 出版日期2012