Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is associated with unique HLA subtypes

作者：Kim Tae Joon; Lee Soon Tae^*; Moon Jangsup; Sunwoo Jun Sang; Byun Jung Ick; Lim Jung Ah; Shin Yong Won; Jun Jin Sun; Lee Han Sang; Lee Woo Jin; Yang Ah Reaum; Choi Yunhee; Park Kyung Il; Jung Keun Hwa; Jung Ki Young; Kim Manho; Lee Sang Kun; Chu Kon^*

来源：Annals of Neurology, 2017, 81(2): 183-192.

DOI：10.1002/ana.24860

ObjectiveAutoimmune encephalitis (AE), represented by anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, has increasing clinical significance based on recent discoveries of neuronal autoantibodies. However, its immunopathogenesis is not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether AE is associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtypes.
MethodsWe compared the HLA genotypes of 11 anti-LGI1 and 17 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients to the control groups, which consisted of 210 epilepsy patients and 485 healthy Koreans.
ResultsAnti-LGI1 encephalitis was associated with the DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:02 haplotype (10 patients; 91%) in HLA class II genes, as well as with B*44:03 (8 patients; 73%) and C*07:06 (7 patients; 64%) in the HLA class I region. The prevalence of these alleles in anti-LGI1 encephalitis was significantly higher than that in the epilepsy controls or healthy controls. By contrast, anti-NMDAR encephalitis was not associated with HLA genotypes. Additional analysis using HLA-peptide binding prediction algorithms and computational docking underpinned the close relationship.
InterpretationThis finding suggests that most anti-LGI1 encephalitis develops in a population with specific HLA subtypes, providing insight into a novel disease mechanism. Ann Neurol 2017;81:183-192

• 出版日期2017-2