科研之友
微信
新浪微博
Facebook
分享链接
摘要
The Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor is an important transportation strategy in China that plays a key role in the economic prosperity, long-term stability, and the "Belt and Road" strategy in western China. However, the complex terrain, climate environment and active geological tectonic movements along the Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor lead to extremely developed geo-hazards, such as debris flows, landslides, glacial lake outbreak floods (GLOF), which have serious impacts on railway construction and operation. As a representative section, the Linzhi-Bomi is frequently affected by glacier debris flows, and deemed as the most difficult section for disaster mitigation. Although some conclusions about influencing factors and material properties of glacial debris flows have been achieved at the single-valley scale, there is lacking solid research on predisposing factors, evolution laws and catastrophe indicators of different types of glacial debris flows along the Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor, making it impossible to build an effective monitoring and early warning system. In this paper, multi-source long-term remote sensing images and meteorological monitoring data, combined with field data, are applied to conduct an inductive analysis of the glacial debris flow along the Sichuan-Tibet traffic corridor. Four conclusions can be drawn. (1) 99 glacial debris flow valleys were identified in the study area, that mainly distributed in the Chaqing glacier-Yigong township, Jialabelei-Nangabawa peak, and Guxiang gully-Galongsi glacier. (2) Climate environment change has led to complex responses in glacier activities, characterised by increased activity of smaller glaciers (high-altitude hanging glaciers) and weakened activity of glaciers in large valleys in the past 40 years; (3) Based on the historic inventory, it can be found that the glacial debris flow has shown the characteristics of increasing frequency and scale since 1973. And (4) the frequency of the debris flows induced by landslides and ice-rock avalanches in steep terrain has increased. In the future, the continuous retreat of glaciers will promote the disappearance of ice waterfalls and the development of larger-scale hanging glaciers, which will increase the risk of glacial debris flows. The evolution process of glacial debris flows has obvious catastrophic indicators, such as: the increasing crevice density, the change in glacier velocities, and the rapid increase of glacial lake areas. Finally, it proposes a monitoring and early warning framework that contains satellites, aerial remote sensing platforms, meteorological and hydrological ground monitoring platforms, and ground motion monitoring platforms, which can provide catastrophic information for different types of glacial debris flows.
