A SYSTEMATIC FLOW FOR DEVELOPING TOTALLY SELF-CHECKING ARCHITECTURES FOR SHA-1 AND SHA-2 CRYPTOGRAPHIC HASH FAMILIES

作者：Athanasiou George S; Theodoridis George^*; Goutis Costas E; Michail Harris E; Kasparis Takis

来源：Journal of Circuits, Systems, and Computers, 2013, 22(6): 1350049.

DOI：10.1142/S0218126613500497

• Cryptography
• hash functions
• SHA-1
• SHA-2
• totally self-checking
• error detection

Hash functions are among the crucial modules of modern hardware cryptographic systems. These systems frequently operate in harsh and noisy environments where permanent and/or transient faults are often causing erroneous authentication results and collapsing of the whole authentication procedure. Hence, their on-time detection is an urgent feature. In this paper, a systematic development flow towards totally self-checking (TSC) architectures of the most widely-used cryptographic hash families, SHA-1 and SHA-2, is proposed. Novel methods and techniques are introduced to determine the appropriate concurrent error detection scheme at high level avoiding gate-level implementations and comparisons. The resulted TSC architectures achieve 100% fault detection of odd erroneous bits, while, depending on the designer%26apos;s choice, even number of erroneous bits can also be detected. Two representative functions of the above families, namely the SHA-1 and SHA-256, are used as case studies. For each of them, two TSC architectures (one un-optimized and one optimized for throughput) were developed via the proposed flow and implemented in TSMC 0.18 mu m CMOS technology. The produced architectures are more efficient in terms of throughput/area than the corresponding duplicated-with-checking ones by 19.5% and 23.8% regarding the un-optimized TSC SHA-1 and SHA-256 and by 20.2% and 24.6% regarding the optimized ones.

• 出版日期2013-7