A History of the Pharmacological Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

作者：Lopez Munoz Francisco^*; Shen Winston W; D'Ocon Pilar; Romero Alejandro; Alamo Cecilio

来源：International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018, 19(7): 2143.

DOI：10.3390/ijms19072143

• bipolar disorder
• pharmacological treatment
• mood stabilizer drugs
• lithium
• antiepileptic drugs
• antipsychotic drugs

In this paper, the authors review the history of the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder, from the first nonspecific sedative agents introduced in the 19th and early 20th century, such as solanaceae alkaloids, bromides and barbiturates, to John Cade's experiments with lithium and the beginning of the so-called "Psychopharmacological Revolution" in the 1950s. We also describe the clinical studies and development processes, enabling the therapeutic introduction of pharmacological agents currently available for the treatment of bipolar disorder in its different phases and manifestations. Those drugs include lithium salts, valproic acid, carbamazepine, new antiepileptic drugs, basically lamotrigine and atypical antipsychotic agents (olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, ziprasidone, aripiprazole, asenapine, cariprazine and lurasidone). Finally, the socio-sanitary implications derived from the clinical introduction of these drugs are also discussed.

• 出版日期2018-7