A new security evaluation for steganographic system based on vague set similarity measure

作者：Ouyang Chun Juan; Li Bin; Li Xia; Wang Na

来源：Chinese Journal of Computers, 2012, 35(7): 1510-1521.

DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1016.2012.01510

• Boundedness
• Cover-image
• Embedding rates
• First-order
• Image statistical features
• Image steganography
• Second orders
• Security
• Security evaluation
• Security measure
• Similarity measure
• Statistical distribution
• Statistical distribution model
• Statistical features
• Steganalysis
• Steganographic system
• Stego image
• Vague sets

Since variations of statistical features caused by image steganography are indeterministic, vague set similarity measure is introduced to steganographic system for security evaluation in this paper. The first-order and the second-order security measure based on vague set similarity measure are defined to measure the similarity between cover images and stego images in the sense of the first-order and the second-order image statistical feature, respectively. The newly defined security measures are then proved to have the properties of boundedness, symmetry and unity. Finally, under the assumption that the pixels'; statistical distribution is identically independent distributed, the first-order and the second-order security measure are proved to be equivalent. Simulation results show that the second-order security measure can always capture more obvious statistical changes than the first-order security measure. In addition, compared with the security measure defined under a deterministic image statistical distribution model, the newly defined security measure is more sensitive when the embedding rate is lower than 0.5 bit per pixel, thus providing better guidance for the design of steganography and steganalysis with a small embedding rate.

• 出版日期2012