Morphology, phylogeny, and ecology of the aphelids (Aphelidea, Opisthokonta) and proposal for the new superphylum Opisthosporidia

作者：Karpov Sergey A^*; Mamkaeva Maria A; Aleoshin Vladimir V; Nassonova Elena; Lilje Osu; Gleason Frank H

来源：Frontiers in Microbiology, 2014, 5: 112.

DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2014.00112

• Opisthosporidia
• Aphelida
• Cryptomycota
• Microsporidia
• Rozella
• ultrustucture
• molecular phylogeny
• ecology

The aphelids are a small group of intracellular parasitoids of common species of eukaryotic phytoplankton with three known genera Aphelidium, Amoeboaphelidium, and Pseudaphelidium, and 10 valid species, which form along with related environmental sequences a very diversified group. The phyla Microsporidia and Cryptomycota, and the class Aphelidea have recently been considered to be a deep branch of the Holomycota lineage forming the so called the ARM-clade which is sister to the fungi. In this review we reorganize the taxonomy of ARM-clade, and establish a new superphylum the Opisthosporidia with three phyla: Aphelida phyl. nov., Cryptomycota and Microsporidia. We discuss here all aspects of aphelid investigations: history of our knowledge, life cycle peculiarities, the morphology (including the ultrastructure), molecular phylogeny, ecology, and provide a taxonomic revision of the phylum supplied with a list of species. We compare the aphelids with their nearest relatives, the species of Rozella, and improve the diagnosis of the phylum Cryptomycota.

• 出版日期2014-3-28