Chronic active EBV infection with features of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

作者：Shimomura Masaki^*; Morishita Hideaki; Meguro Takaaki; Seto Shiro; Kimura Mitsuaki; Hamazaki Minoru; Hashimoto Ayako; Sugiyama Yuka; Kimura Hiroshi

来源：Pediatrics International, 2016, 58(7): 639-642.

DOI：10.1111/ped.12892

• anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
• chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection
• granulomatosis with polyangiitis
• sinusitis
• ulcer

Herein, we report the case of a 13-year-old boy with multiple recurrent ulcers on his legs. He developed severe sinusitis at 10 years of age and had significant weight loss (6 kg) in the 2 months prior to admission. Histology of tissue biopsied from the ulcer indicated small vessel vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation. Given that these findings met the diagnostic criteria for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), he was treated with immunosuppressive agents. Further pathology, however, indicated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA (EBER) in most lymphocytes in the same sample. The EBER-positive lymphocytes were mainly CD4-positive T cells. The EBV-DNA load in the peripheral blood was also abnormally increased (1.0 x 10(4) copies/g DNA). Thus, the diagnosis was established as chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). This case illustrates the necessity of careful differential diagnosis of CAEBV owing to its clinical resemblance and pathological overlap with GPA.

• 出版日期2016-7