A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease negatively influences the prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma via hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha

作者：Huang, Zhichao; Xu, Ran; Lv, Chen; Zhong, Zhaohui; Zhang, Lei; Zhu, Liang; Tang, Yongzhong; Zhao, Xiaokun^*

来源：International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2014, 7(10): 3344-3353.

• Bladder urothelial carcinoma
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• chronic hypoxia
• hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha
• prognosis

Objective: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and tumor hypoxia, which is caused by chronic hypoxemic hypoxia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the prognostic value of COPD in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC). Methods: The clinicopathological variables of 80 patients with BUC who underwent surgery were analyzed by retrospective methods. Overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed with clinicopathological variables including concomitant COPD, pulmonary function test (PFT), serum hemoglobin level and smoking history, using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for multivariate analysis. The localization of HIF-1 alpha expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results: Both the median OS and PFS of patients with COPD were shorter than the patients without COPD (P < 0.001). High levels of HIF-1 alpha expression were associated with BUC of higher clinicopathological stage and histological grade (P < 0.001). COPD was an independent prognostic variable for OS, PFS and DSS. The clinicopathological stage was an independent prognostic variable for OS and DSS. The level of HIF-1 alpha expression was an independent prognostic variable for PFS. Conclusions: COPD is an independent prognostic variable for BUC, and contributes to poor prognosis.

• 出版日期2014