Multiple independent introductions of Plasmodium falciparum in South America

作者：Yalcindag Erhan^*; Elguero Eric; Arnathau Celine; Durand Patrick; Akiana Jean; Anderson Timothy J; Aubouy Agnes; Balloux Francois; Besnard Patrick; Bogreau Herve; Carnevale Pierre; D' Alessandro Umberto; Fontenille Didier; Gamboa Dionicia; Jombart Thibaut; Le Mire Jacques; Leroy Eric; Maestre Amanda; Mayxay Mayfong; Menard Didier; Musset Lise; Newton Paul N; Nkoghe Dieudonne; Noya Oscar; Ollomo Benjamin; Rogier Christophe; Veron Vincent; Wide Albina

来源：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012, 109(2): 511-516.

DOI：10.1073/pnas.1119058109

• malaria origin
• New World
• human migrations
• genetic diversity

The origin of Plasmodium falciparum in South America is controversial. Some studies suggest a recent introduction during the European colonizations and the transatlantic slave trade. Other evidence-archeological and genetic-suggests a much older origin. We collected and analyzed P. falciparum isolates from different regions of the world, encompassing the distribution range of the parasite, including populations from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South America. Analyses of microsatellite and SNP polymorphisms show that the populations of P. falciparum in South America are subdivided in two main genetic clusters (northern and southern). Phylogenetic analyses, as well as Approximate Bayesian Computation methods suggest independent introductions of the two clusters from African sources. Our estimates of divergence time between the South American populations and their likely sources favor a likely introduction from Africa during the transatlantic slave trade.

• 出版日期2012-1-10
• 单位河北医科大学