Association of common variants in PAH and LAT1 with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in the Polish population

作者：Hozyasz Kamil K^*; Mostowska Adrianna; Wojcicki Piotr; Lasota Agnieszka; Wolkowicz Anna; Dunin Wilczynska Izabella; Jagodzinski Pawei P

来源：Archives of Oral Biology, 2014, 59(4): 363-369.

DOI：10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.01.003

• Phenylalanine
• PAH
• LAT1
• Cleft lip and palate

Background: Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common structural malformation with a complex and multifactorial aetiology. Associations of abnormalities in phenylalanine metabolism and orofacial clefts have been suggested.
Methods: Eight single nucleotide polyrnorphisms (SNPs) of genes encoding phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAN) and large neutral L-amino acid transporter type 1 (LAT1), as well as the PAH mutation that is most common in the Polish population (rs5030858; R408W), were investigated in 263 patients with NSCL/P and 270 matched controls using high resolution melting curve analysis (HRM).
Results: We found that two polymorphic variants of PAH appear to be risk factors for NSCL/P. The odds ratio (OR) for individuals with the rs7485331 A allele (AC or AA) compared to CC homozygotes was 0.616 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.437-0.868; p = 0.005) and this association remains statistically significant after multiple testing correction. The PAN rs12425434, previously associated with schizophrenia, was borderline associated with orofacial clefts. Moreover, haplotype analysis of polymorphisms in the PAN gene revealed a 4-marker combination that was significantly associated with NSCL/P. The global p-value for a haplotype comprised of SNPs rs74385331, rs12425434, rs1722392, and the mutation rs5030858 was 0.032, but this association did not survive multiple testing correction.
Conclusion: This study suggests the involvement of the PAN gene in the aetiology of NSCL/P in the tested population. Further replication will be required in separate cohorts to confirm the consistency of the observed association.

• 出版日期2014-4