Activity Coefficients of Aqueous Mixed Ionic Surfactant Solutions from Osmometry

作者：MacNeil Jennifer A; Ray Gargi B; Sharma Poonam; Leaist Derek G^*

来源：Journal of Solution Chemistry, 2014, 43(1): 93-108.

DOI：10.1007/s10953-013-0043-5

• Activity coefficients
• Freezing point depression
• Mass-action model
• Micelles
• Surfactants
• Osmotic coefficient

Osmotic techniques for measuring thermodynamic activities, such as isopiestic equilibration, are well established for multicomponent solutions, especially mixed salt solutions. Surprisingly, these techniques have not yet been applied to mixed ionic surfactants, despite the numerous practical applications of these systems and the importance of the Gibbs free energy for micelle stability. In this study, mass-action equations are developed for the osmotic coefficients of solutions of ionic surfactant CA + ionic surfactant CB, with common counterion C. Extended Debye-Huckel equations are used for the ionic activity coefficients. The equilibrium constants for mixed micelle formation are evaluated by Gibbs-Duhem integration of critical micelle concentrations. Fitting the derived equations to the osmotic coefficients of aqueous sodium decanoate + sodium dodecylsulfate solutions measured by freezing-point osmometry is used to evaluate the activities of the total surfactant components. Very large departures from ideal solution behavior are indicated, including stoichiometric surfactant activity coefficients and micelle activity coefficients that drop below 0.05 and 10(-8), respectively, relative to unity for ideal solutions. Osmometry offers many interesting and unexplored possibilities for studies of mixed surfactant thermodynamics.

• 出版日期2014-2