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摘要
Microplastic particles with particle sizes of less than 5 mm are of increasing concern. In this study, microplastics were sampled from the sediments of the Yellow River. The microplastic particles were separated from the sediments using density flotation separation methods, and the abundance, type, color, and particle size distribution of microplastics were measured. Meanwhile, composition characteristics and surface topography features were studied using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).The results showed that microplastic abundance in the sediments was in the range of 15-615 items?kg-1, and the average abundance of microplastics in the downstream sediments was higher than that in the middle and upstream sediments.Four types of microplastics were identified in the sediments, including fragments, foams, thin films, and fibers. Of the particles analyzed, 43.35% were fragments, and 34.08% were foam, while the films and fiber microplastics accounted for 20.56% of the plastics. The FTIR analysis demonstrated that the major components of fragments, films, foams, and fibers were identified as oxidized polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene.The color of microplastics was divided into transparent, white, color, and black.The proportions of plastic that were transparent and white were 43.28% and 34.55%, respectively.The measurement of the particle size of the microplastics indicated that the particle sizes mainly ranged from 1-4 mm, accounting for 64.8%, and the proportion of microplastics<1 mm was 16.62%. The SEM-EDS results showed different aging degree of the microplastics with the characteristics of rough surface, many pores, and obvious cracks.
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