Association between PM2.5 and PM2.5 Constituents and Preterm Delivery in California, 2000-2006

作者：Basu Rupa; Pearson Dharshani; Ebisu Keita; Malig Brian

来源：Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2017, 31(5): 424-434.

DOI：10.1111/ppe.12380

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Particulate matter (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content>) has been documented to contribute to preterm delivery. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between individual constituents of fine <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub>) and preterm delivery, and factors that may modify their associations.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we examined the associations between several prenatal exposure metrics to <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> and 23 constituents of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> and preterm delivery in California from 2000 to 2006. In a retrospective cohort study including 231 637 births, we conducted logistic regression analyses adjusting for maternal, infant, temporal, geographic, and neighbourhood characteristics.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>We observed increased risk for preterm delivery with full‐gestational exposure for several <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> constituents. Per interquartile range increase, ammonium (21.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.1, 25.4), nitrate (18.1%, 95% CI 14.9, 21.4) and bromine (16.7%, 95% CI 13.2, 20.3) had some of the largest increased risks. Alternatively, some <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> constituents were inversely associated with preterm delivery, including chlorine (−8.2%, 95% CI −10.3, −6.0), sodium (−13.2%, 95% CI −15.2, −11.3), sodium ion (−11.9%, 95% CI −14.1, −9.6) and vanadium (−19.2%, 95% CI −25.3, −12.6). Greater associations between <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> constituents and preterm delivery were observed for Blacks and Asians, older mothers, and those with some college education compared to their reference groups, as well as for births with gestational ages from 32 to 34 weeks.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PM</jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2.5</jats:sub> constituents ammonium, nitrate and bromine, often linked to traffic and biomass combustion, were most associated with increased risk of preterm delivery in California. Certain demographic subgroups may be particularly impacted.</jats:p></jats:sec>

• 出版日期2017-9