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摘要
The development of an ideal small-diameter conduit for use in vascular bypass surgery has yet to be achieved. The ongoing innovation in biomaterial design generates novel conduits that require preclinical assessment in vivo, and a number of animal models have been used for this purpose. This article examines the rationale behind animal models used in the assessment of small-diameter vascular conduits encompassing the commonly used species: baboons, sheep, pigs, dogs, rabbits, and rodents. Studies on the comparative hematology for these species relative to humans are summarized, and the hydrodynamic values for common implant locations are also compared. The large- and small-animal models are then explored, highlighting the characteristics of each that determine their relative utility in the assessment of vascular conduits. Where possible, the performance of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene is given in each animal and in each location to allow direct comparisons between species. New challenges in animal modeling are outlined for the assessment of tissue-engineered graft designs. Finally, recommendations are given for the selection of animal models for the assessment of future vascular conduits. ( J Vase Surg 2010;52:176-95.) Clinical Relevance: The limitations of autologous arterial and venous segments used in vascular surgery drives the development of novel vascular conduits which ultimately require assessment in vivo. The abundance of articles proclaiming successful development of new conduits contrasts starkly with the handful of candidates reaching clinical trials, a discrepancy due at least in part to a lack of standardised approach to the selection and utilisation of appropriate animal models. This review seeks to provide for the first time a broad comparison of the pertinent variables determining the utility of species used for vascular conduit assessment, relevant to researchers and to clinicians evaluating reports of novel conduit development.
- 出版日期2010-7
