A cross-language acoustic study of initial and final allophones of /1/

作者：Recasens Daniel^*

来源：Speech Communication, 2012, 54(3): 368-383.

DOI：10.1016/j.specom.2011.10.001

• Clear and dark /1/
• Intrinsic and extrinsic allophones
• Darkness degree
• Vowel coarticulation
• Spectral analysis

Formant frequency data for /1/ in 23 languages/dialects where the consonant may be typically clear or dark show that the two varieties of /1/ are set in contrast mostly in the context of /i/ but also next to /a/, and that a few languages/dialects may exhibit intermediate degrees of darkness in the consonant. F2 for /1/ is higher utterance initially than utterance finally, more so if the lateral is clear than if it is dark; moreover, the initial and final allophones may be characterized as intrinsic (in most languages/dialects) or extrinsic (in several English dialects, Czech and Dutch) depending on whether the position-dependent frequency difference in question is below or above 200/300 Hz. The paper also reports a larger degree of vowel coarticulation for clear /1/ than for dark /1/ and in initial than in final position. These results are interpreted in terms of the production mechanisms involved in the realization of the two /1/ varieties in the different positional and vowel context conditions subjected to investigation.

• 出版日期2012-3