A History and Evolution of Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: Perspectives From the Past and Future Directions in the Surgical Management of Renal Tumors

作者：Kerbl David C; McDougall Elspeth M^*; Clayman Ralph V; Mucksavage Phillip

来源：Journal of Urology, 2011, 185(3): 1150-1154.

DOI：10.1016/j.juro.2010.10.040

• history
• laparoscopy
• nephrectomy
• endoscopy

June 25, 2010 marks the twentieth anniversary of the first clinical laparoscopic nephrectomy. Since the advent of this procedure a paradigm shift toward minimally invasive options for urological surgery has been witnessed, resulting in rapid technological innovations and improved patient outcomes. A history of the minimally invasive surgical management of renal masses is presented with a focus on laparoscopic nephrectomy.

• 出版日期2011-3