A randomized controlled trial of nitrous oxide for intrauterine device insertion in nulliparous women

作者：Singh Rameet H^*; Thaxton Lauren; Carr Shannon; Leeman Lawrence; Schneider Emily; Espey Eve

来源：International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2016, 135(2): 145-148.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijgo.2016.04.014

• Insertion
• Intrauterine device
• Nitrous oxide
• Pain

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled nitrous oxide for pain management among nulliparous women undergoing intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. Methods: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted among nulliparous women aged 13-45 years who underwent IUD insertion at a US center between October 1, 2013, and August 31, 2014. Using a computer-generated randomization sequence, participants were randomly assigned to inhale either oxygen (O-2) or a mixture of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen (N2O/O-2) through a nasal mask for 2 minutes before insertion. Only the person administering the inhalation agent was aware of group assignment. The primary outcome was maximum pain assessed 2 minutes after insertion via a 100-mm visual analog scale. Analyses were by intention to treat. Results: Forty women were assigned to each group. Mean maximum pain score at the time of insertion was 54.3 +/- 24.8 mm for the N2O/O-2 group and 55.3 +/- 20.9 mm for the O-2 group (P = 0.86). Adverse effects were reported for 6 (15%) women in the N2O/O-2 group and 7 (18%) in the O-2 group (P = 0.32). Conclusion: N2O/O-2 did not reduce the pain of IUD insertion among nulliparous women. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02391714 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

• 出版日期2016-11