科研之友
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摘要
The features of the distant interaction of thermal and slow neutrons with nuclei are examined. From the Dirac equation analysis it was shown that this interaction is determined by the potential barrier located outside the nucleus. The height of the barrier is proportional to Z(2)/A(4/3) and reaches 110 eV for even-even nuclei like U(238) and 25-65 eV for even-odd U(235), U(233), Pu(241) nuclei. This barrier is connected with the non-linear ponderomotive interaction of the neutron abnormal magnetic moment with the strong electric field of a nucleus. The barrier penetrability for thermal neutrons equals 0.9-0.98. For cold neutrons the penetrability decreases greatly and for ultracold ones it becomes very small. At unlimited decrease of the neutron energy, E -> 0, the cross-section of any neutron-nucleus reaction sigma(f(tot))-> 0. So such reactions become impossible. In this work the existence of separated neutron potential wells symmetrically located at r(0) approximate to (1.3-4.5) x 10(-12) cm approximate to (1.7-5) x R from even-odd U(235), U(233), Pu(241) nuclei is predicted. These wells with depths 0.1-5 eV are the result of combined ponderomotive and pure magnetic interactions of the neutron abnormal magnetic moment with nucleus electric and magnetic fields. The presence of distant wells leads to the possibility of the existence of virtual or quasi-stationary neutron-nucleus molecules. Such wells can be virtual traps for thermal and cold neutrons. It was predicted that the neutron halo phenomenon may be connected with such traps.
- 出版日期2010-5
