N-(Sulfamoylbenzoyl)-L-proline Derivatives as Potential Non-β-lactam ESBL Inhibitors: Structure-Based Lead Identification, Medicinal Chemistry and Synergistic Antibacterial Activities

作者：Liu, Xinyu; Dong, Shengjie; Ma, Yuru; Xu, Hu; Zhao, Hongxia^*; Gao, Qingzhi^*

来源：Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, 15(2): 196-206.

DOI：10.2174/1573406414666180816123232

• L-proline derivative
• beta-lactamase inhibitor
• enzymes
• structure-based virtual screening
• molecular docking
• antibiotics

Background: There is an urgent need to develop novel inhibitors against clinically widespread extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) to meet the challenges of the ever-evolving threat of antibiotic resistances. Most existing ESBL inhibitors sharing a common chemical feature of beta-lactam ring in their molecule, this structural characteristic makes them intrinsically susceptible to enzymatic breakdown by the resistance mechanisms employed by the bacteria. @@@ Objective: The aim of this study was to screen and discover novel lead compounds by using L-proline as initial scaffold to create a "non-sulfur, non-beta-lactam" new chemotypes for potential ESBL inhibitors. @@@ Methods: Structure-based molecular docking and virtual screening were employed in the novel inhibitor generation process for lead compound screening and SAR analysis. Evaluation of the ESBL inhibitory activity of the lead compounds was performed in combination with three of the most susceptible antibiotics: ceftazidime, meropenem and ampicillin, against thirteen ESBL enzymes including four new CTX-M harboring strains and four KPC-2 producing species. @@@ Results: L-proline derived (S)-1-(2-sulfamoylbenzoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (compound 6) as a "non-sulfur, non-beta-lactam" and the most potential ESBL inhibitor was identified. Compound 6 possesses ideal anti-resistance activities by reducing MICs of ceftazidime, meropenem and ampicillin by 16-133, 32-133 and 67-267 fold respectiveily. The inhibitory mechanism of 6 with CTX-M, KPC-2 and penicillinase were proposed and probed with molecular docking analysis. @@@ Conclusion: Given that the simple proline derivative but promising synergistic antibacterial properties of compound 6 augers well for further investigations into its in vivo efficacy.

• 出版日期2019
• 单位天津大学