Atmospheric occurrence and gas-particle partitioning of PBDEs at industrial, urban and suburban sites of Thessaloniki, northern Greece: Implications for human health

作者：Besis Athanasios; Voutsa Dimitra; Samara Constantini^*

来源：Environmental Pollution, 2016, 215: 113-124.

DOI：10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.093

• Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
• Gas phase
• Particulate phase
• Seasonal variation
• Intake
• Human exposure

Air samples were collected during the cold and the warm period of the year 2012 and 2013 at three sites in the major Thessaloniki area, northern Greece (urban-industrial, urban-traffic and urban-background) in order to evaluate the occurrence, profiles, seasonal variation and gas/particle partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The mean total concentrations of particle phase Sigma 12PBDE in the cold season were 28.7, 19.5 and 3.87 pg m(-3) at the industrial, urban-traffic and urban-background site, respectively, dropping slightly in the warm season (23.7, 17.5 and 3.14 pg m(-3)), respectively. The corresponding levels of gas-phase Sigma 12PBDE were 14.4, 7.15 and 4.73 pg m(-3) in the cold season and 21.2,11.1 and 6.27 pg m(-3) in the warm season, respectively. In all samples, BDE-47 and BDE-99 were the dominant congeners. Absorption of PBDEs in the organic matter of particles appeared to drive their gas/particle partitioning, particularly in the cold season. The estimated average outdoor workday inhalation exposure to Sigma 12PBDE in the cold and the warm period followed the order: industrial site (288 and 299 pg day(-1)) > urban-traffic site (178 and 191 pg day(-1)) > urban-background site (58 and 63 pg day(-1)). The exposures to BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153 and Sigma 3PBDE via inhalation, for children outdoor worker and seniors were several orders of magnitude lower than their corresponding oral RfD values.

• 出版日期2016-8