Diverse mechanisms for inflammasome sensing of cytosolic bacteria and bacterial virulence

作者：Zhao, Yue; Shao, Feng^*

来源：Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2016, 29: 37-42.

DOI：10.1016/j.mib.2015.10.003

• ANTHRAX LETHAL TOXIN
• III SECRETION APPARATUS
• LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA
• ACTIN CYTOSKELETON
• PYRIN INFLAMMASOME
• NLRC4 INFLAMMASOME
• CYTOPLASMIC LPS
• NEEDLE PROTEIN
• ACTIVATION
• CASPASE-11

The inflammasomes are emerging cytosolic defenses against bacterial infections. The inflammasomes converge on inflammatory caspases activation that triggers pyroptosis, and interleukin-1 beta/18 maturation in the case of caspase-1 activation. The inflammasomes not only detect major bacterial molecules but also sense bacterial virulence activity. Among the canonical caspase-1-activating inflammasomes, the NAIP subfamily of NLR proteins serves as the receptors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion apparatus; Pyrin indirectly senses Rho modification/inactivation by various bacterial agents; NLRP1 in mice/rats detects the protease activity of anthrax lethal toxin by serving as its substrate. Caspase-11 and caspase-4/5 directly recognize bacterial LPS and then become activated. Inflammasome sensing of cytosolic bacteria employs much more diversified biochemical mechanisms, compared with Toll-like receptors-mediated recognition on the membrane.

• 出版日期2016-2
• 单位北京生命科学研究所