"Unintended effects": A theorem for complex systems

作者：Uso Domenech J L; Nescolarde Selva J^*; Lloret Climent M

来源：Complexity, 2015, 21(2): 342-354.

DOI：10.1002/cplx.21609

• alysidal algebra
• deontical modalities
• economic systems
• Godel theorem
• gnorpsic function
• unintended effects
• social systems

Unintended effects are well known to economists and sociologists and their consequences may be devastating. The main objective of this article is to formulate a mathematical theorem, based on Godel's famous incompleteness theorem, in which it is shown, that from the moment deontical modalities (prohibition, obligation, permission, and faculty) are introduced into the social system, responses are allowed by the system that are not produced, however, prohibited responses or unintended effects may occur.

• 出版日期2015-12