Unique predisposing factors for male urinary tract infections

作者：Hogan LaMicha; Young Cathy; Gabbert Wrennah; Armstrong Myrna L^*

来源：Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2011, 23(10): 525-529.

DOI：10.1111/j.1745-7599.2011.00649.x

• Urinary tract infections (UTI)
• urethral insertion
• urethral play
• urethral sounds
• genital piercings
• Self-Attributed Need for Uniqueness scale
• self-esteem profile

Purpose: While naturally occurring male host defense mechanisms prevent many urinary tract infections (UTI), this article describes two purposeful forms of urethral play (UP) that could be unique predisposing factors to increased UTI susceptibility.
Data sources: Medical literature has documented unconventional penile and urethral activities since the mid 1700s. In a recent web-based study, Rinard et al. report 74 comments from national and international respondents performing UP: various websites also validate UP practice.
Conclusions: Respondents reported inserting liquids and foreign objects into the urethra. Inserted liquids included water, hot candle wax, baby oil, aftershave lotions, and dental gel. Foreign objects frequently mentioned were the insertion of smooth stainless steel surgical dilators often used in surgical urological procedures; the respondents and the websites call this "urethral sounding." These practices were used to "aid erections and sexual experimentation, enlarge the urethra, and stimulate their partner." Other respondents discussed catheter insertion. Other objects such as cotton-tipped swabs, spoons, and pencils, were also inserted. UTIs have been reported as a result of UP.
Implications for practice: Nurse practitioners' knowledge of these seemingly unconventional urethral activities requires a thorough assessment and history for pediatric and adult males presenting with new, recurrent, or unresolved UTI symptoms, as well as applicable health education.

• 出版日期2011-10