摘要

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the cause of more than 13 million hospitalizations and emergency room visits annually in the United States. Treatment options currently include pharmacologic modalities With or without mechanical procedures to target new obstructions and to prevent existing thrombus growth and formation. Although unfractionated heparin (UFH) has historically been the agent of choice to prevent fibrin formation in ACS, complications in monitoring and increased bleeding risk have led to the search for alternative treatment options, including direct thrombin inhibitors (bivalirudin), pentasaccharide (fondaparinux), and low-molecular-weight heparins (enoxaparin). Emerging data suggest that these newer antithrombotic therapies may provide reasonable alternatives to UFH in certain patient populations. More data and clinical experience are needed to determine the optimal agent to replace UFH as antithrombotic therapy.