Detection of Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses in Mexico Using Environmental Surveillance

作者：Esteves Jaramillo Alejandra; Estivariz Concepcion F^*; Penaranda Silvia; Richardson Vesta L; Reyna Jesus; Coronel Diana L; Carrion Veronica; Landaverde Jose M; Wassilak Steven G F; Perez Sanchez Elda E; Lopez Martinez Irma; Burns Cara C; Pallansch Mark A

来源：Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2014, 210(suppl 1): S315-S323.

DOI：10.1093/infdis/jiu183

• environmental surveillance
• inactivated poliovirus vaccine
• polio
• vaccine-derived poliovirus

Background. Early detection and control of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) emergences are essential to secure the gains of polio eradication.
Methods.aEuro integral Serial sewage samples were collected in 4 towns of Mexico before, throughout, and after the May 2010 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) mass immunization campaign. Isolation and molecular analysis of polioviruses from sewage specimens monitored the duration of vaccine-related strains in the environment and emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses in a population partially immunized with inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).
Results.aEuro integral Sabin strains were identified up to 5-8 weeks after the campaign in all towns; in Aguascalientes, 1 Sabin 3 was isolated 16 weeks after the campaign, following 7 weeks with no Sabin strains detected. In Tuxtla Guti,rrez, type 2 VDPV was isolated from 4 samples collected before and during the campaign, and type 1 VDPV from 1 sample collected 19 weeks afterward. During 2009-2010, coverage in 4 OPV campaigns conducted averaged only 57% and surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) was suboptimal (AFP rate < 1 per 100 000 population < 15 years of age) in Tuxtla Gutierrez.
Conclusions.aEuro integral VDPVs may emerge and spread in settings with inadequate coverage with IPV/OPV vaccination. Environmental surveillance can facilitate early detection in these settings.

• 出版日期2014-11-1