Novel role for the delta-opioid receptor in hypoxic preconditioning in rat retinas

作者：Peng Pai Huei; Huang Ho Shiang; Lee Yih Jing; Chen Yih Sharng; Ma Ming Chieh^*

来源：Journal of Neurochemistry, 2009, 108(3): 741-754.

DOI：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05807.x

• delta-opioid receptor
• extracellular signal-regulated kinase
• hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
• hypoxic preconditioning
• intraocular pressure
• oxidative stress

delta-Opioid receptor (DOR) is an oxygen-sensitive protein whose function in the rat retina is unknown. We examined whether DOR is involved in hypoxic preconditioning (HPC)-mediated retinoprotection following intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. Rats were exposed to intermittent hypoxia (10% oxygen) to induce HPC. Unilateral retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by elevating IOP to 100 mmHg for 1 h. HPC attenuated the loss of neuronal marker expression and increased pro-apoptotic caspase 3 activity in the IOP retina. Excess superoxide production and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha accumulation caused by enhanced oxidant protein expression and reduced antioxidant enzyme level after IOP elevation were largely abrogated by HPC. HPC markedly increased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and DOR, but intravitreal administration of HIF-1 alpha-specific small interfering RNA abrogated the up-regulation of DOR. This suggested that DOR functions downstream of HIF-1 alpha. However, the endogenous content of leucine enkephalin in retinas was not affected by HPC or IOP. Treatment of retinas with the DOR antagonist naltrindole attenuated the HPC-induced protection and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. These results suggest a novel mechanism of HPC-mediated retinoprotection whereby HIF-1 alpha induces the expression of DOR, and DOR-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase triggers cellular events that correct the redox imbalance in the post-ischemic retina.

• 出版日期2009-2