Aged garlic extract and S-allylcysteine prevent apoptotic cell death in a chemical hypoxia model

作者：Orozco Ibarra Marisol; Munoz Sanchez Jorge; Zavala Medina Martin E; Pineda Benjamin; Magana Maldonado Roxana; Vazquez Contreras Edgar; Maldonado Perla D; Pedraza Chaverri Jose; Elena Chanez Cardenas Maria

来源：Biological Research, 2016, 49(1): 7.

DOI：10.1186/s40659-016-0067-6

• Aged garlic extract
• Chemical hypoxia
• Cobalt chloride
• Hypoxia-inducible factor 1
• PC12 cells
• S-allylcysteine

Background: Aged garlic extract (AGE) and its main constituent S-allylcysteine (SAC) are natural antioxidants with protective effects against cerebral ischemia or cancer, events that involve hypoxia stress. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) has been used to mimic hypoxic conditions through the stabilization of the a subunit of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1 alpha) and up-regulation of HIF-1 alpha-dependent genes as well as activation of hypoxic conditions such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis. The present study was designed to assess the effect of AGE and SAC on the CoCl2-chemical hypoxia model in PC12 cells.
Results: We found that CoCl2 induced the stabilization of HIF-1 alpha and its nuclear localization. CoCl2 produced ROS and apoptotic cell death that depended on hypoxia extent. The treatment with AGE and SAC decreased ROS and protected against CoCl2-induced apoptotic cell death which depended on the CoCl2 concentration and incubation time. SAC or AGE decreased the number of cells in the early and late stages of apoptosis. Interestingly, this protective effect was associated with attenuation in HIF-1 alpha stabilization, activity not previously reported for AGE and SAC.
Conclusions: Obtained results show that AGE and SAC decreased apoptotic CoCl2-induced cell death. This protection occurs by affecting the activity of HIF-1 alpha and supports the use of these natural compounds as a therapeutic alternative for hypoxic conditions.

• 出版日期2016-2-1