A Constant Energy-Per-Cycle Ring Oscillator Over a Wide Frequency Range for Wireless Sensor Nodes

作者：Lee Inhee; Sylvester Dennis; Blaauw David

来源：IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 2016, 51(3): 697-711.

DOI：10.1109/JSSC.2016.2517133

• Current starved
• energy efficient
• leakage based
• low power
• oscillator
• switched-capacitor DC-DC
• converter
• wide frequency range
• wireless sensor node (WSN)

This paper presents an energy-efficient oscillator for wireless sensor nodes (WSNs). It avoids short-circuit current by minimizing the time spent in the input voltage range from Vthn to [V-dd - vertical bar V-thp vertical bar]. A current-feeding scheme with gate voltage control enables the oscillator to operate over a wide frequency range. A test chip is fabricated in a 0.18 mu m CMOS process. The measurements show that the proposed oscillator achieves a constant energy-per-cycle (EpC) of 0.8 pJ/cycle over the 21-60 MHz frequency range and is more efficient than a conventional current-starved ring oscillator (CSRO) below 300 kHz at 1.8 V supply voltage. As an application example, the proposed oscillator is implemented in a switched-capacitor DC-DC converter. The converter is 11%-56% more efficient for load power values ranging from 583 pW to 2.9 nW than a converter using a conventional CSRO.

• 出版日期2016-3