AROMATIC-L-AMINO-ACID DECARBOXYLASE, A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE-DEPENDENT ENZYME, IS A BETA-CELL AUTOANTIGEN

作者：RORSMAN F^*; HUSEBYE ES; WINQVIST O; BJORK E; KARLSSON FA; KAMPE O

来源：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1995, 92(19): 8626-8629.

DOI：10.1073/pnas.92.19.8626

Different autoantigens are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and they may account for the variation in the clinical presentation of the disease, Sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I contain autoantibodies against the beta-cell proteins glutamate decarboxylase and an unrelated 51-kDa antigen, By screening of an expression library derived from rat insulinoma cells, we have identified the 51-kDa protein as aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28). In addition to the previously published full-length cDNA, forms coding for a truncated and an alternatively spliced version were identified, Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and that of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine to dopamine, Interestingly, pyridoxal phosphate is the cofactor of both aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase. The biological significance of the neurotransmitters produced by the two enzymes in the beta cells remains largely unknown.

• 出版日期1995-9-12