Multiple Effects of Changes in Arctic Snow Cover

作者：Callaghan Terry V^*; Johansson Margareta; Brown Ross D; Groisman Pavel Ya; Labba Niklas; Radionov Vladimir; Bradley Raymond S; Blangy Sylvie; Bulygina Olga N; Christensen Torben R; Colman Jonathan E; Essery Richard L H; Forbes Bruce C; Forchhammer Mads C; Golubev Vladimir N; Honrath Richard E; Juday Glenn P; Meshcherskaya Anna V; Phoenix Gareth K; Pomeroy John; Rautio Arja; Robinson David A; Schmidt Niels M; Serreze Mark C; Shevchenko Vladimir P

来源：Ambio, 2011, 40(S1): 32-45.

DOI：10.1007/s13280-011-0213-x

• Snow
• Arctic
• Climate
• Albedo
• Hydrology
• Ecology
• Biogeochemical cycling
• Geochemical processes
• Forestry
• Infrastructure
• Tourism
• Indigenous cultures
• Human health

Snow cover plays a major role in the climate, hydrological and ecological systems of the Arctic and other regions through its influence on the surface energy balance (e.g. reflectivity), water balance (e.g. water storage and release), thermal regimes (e.g. insulation), vegetation and trace gas fluxes. Feedbacks to the climate system have global consequences. The livelihoods and well-being of Arctic residents and many services for the wider population depend on snow conditions so changes have important consequences. Already, changing snow conditions, particularly reduced summer soil moisture, winter thaw events and rain-on-snow conditions have negatively affected commercial forestry, reindeer herding, some wild animal populations and vegetation. Reductions in snow cover are also adversely impacting indigenous peoples' access to traditional foods with negative impacts on human health and well-being. However, there are likely to be some benefits from a changing Arctic snow regime such as more even run-off from melting snow that favours hydropower operations.

• 出版日期2011-12
• 单位国家气候中心