Discovery by the Epistasis Project of an epistatic interaction between the GSTM3 gene and the HHEX/IDE/KIF11 locus in the risk of Alzheimer%26apos;s disease

作者：Bullock James M; Medway Christopher; Cortina Borja Mario; Turton James C; Prince Jonathan A; Ibrahim Verbaas Carla A; Schuur Maaike; Breteler Monique M; van Duijn Cornelia M; Kehoe Patrick G; Barber Rachel; Coto Eliecer; Alvarez Victoria; Deloukas Panos; Hammond Naomi; Combarros Onofre; Mateo Ignacio; Warden Donald R; Lehmann Michael G; Belbin Olivia; Brown Kristelle; Wilcock Gordon K; Heun Reinhard; Koelsch Heike; Smith A David; Lehmann Donald J

来源：Neurobiology of Aging, 2013, 34(4): 1309.e1.

DOI：10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.08.010

• Epistasis
• Alzheimer%26apos
• s risk
• GSTM3
• IDE locus

Despite recent discoveries in the genetics of sporadic Alzheimer%26apos;s disease, there remains substantial %26quot;hidden heritability.%26quot; It is thought that some of this missing heritability may be because of gene-gene, i.e., epistatic, interactions. We examined potential epistasis between 110 candidate polymorphisms in 1757 cases of Alzheimer%26apos;s disease and 6294 control subjects of the Epistasis Project, divided between a discovery and a replication dataset. We found an epistatic interaction, between rs7483 in GSTM3 and rs1111875 in the HHEX/IDE/KIF11 gene cluster, with a closely similar, significant result in both datasets. The synergy factor (SF) in the combined dataset was 1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-2.36; p = 0.00004. Consistent interaction was also found in 7 out of the 8 additional subsets that we examined post hoc: i.e., it was shown in both North Europe and North Spain, in both men and women, in both those with and without the epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E, and in people older than 75 years (SF, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.60-3.20; p %26lt; 0.00001), but not in those younger than 75 years (SF, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.59-1.91; p = 0.84). The association with Alzheimer%26apos;s disease was purely epistatic with neither polymorphism showing an independent effect: odds ratio, 1.0; p %26gt;= 0.7. Indeed, each factor was associated with protection in the absence of the other factor, but with risk in its presence. In conclusion, this epistatic interaction showed a high degree of consistency when stratifying by sex, the epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E genotype, and geographic region.

• 出版日期2013-4